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Vol. 29, Issue 9, 1176-1182, September 2001
Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Higashinari-ku,
Osaka, Japan (T.S., Y.O., K.I.); Department of Physiology and
Pharmacology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland,
Australia (E.M.J.G.); and Department of Biochemistry and Center in
Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,
Nashville, Tennessee (F.P.G.)
A variety of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their
dihydrodiol derivatives, arylamines, heterocyclic amines, and
nitroarenes, were incubated with cDNA-based recombinant
(Escherichia coli or Trichoplusia
ni) systems expressing different forms of human
cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) and NADPH-P450 reductase using
Salmonella typhimurium tester strain NM2009, and the
resultant DNA damage caused by the reactive metabolites was detected by
measuring expression of umu gene in the cells.
Recombinant (bacterial) CYP1A1 was slightly more active than any of
four CYP1B1 allelic variants, CYP1B1*1, CYP1B1*2, CYP1B1*3, and
CYP1B1*6, in catalyzing activation of chrysene-1,2-diol,
benz[a]anthracene-trans-1,2-, 3,4-, 5,6-, and 8,9-diol, fluoranthene-2,3-diol,
dibenzo[a,l]pyrene,
benzo[c]phenanthrene, and
dibenz[a,h]anthracene and several
arylamines and heterocyclic amines, whereas CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 enzymes
had essentially similar catalytic specificities toward other
procarcinogens, such as (+)-, (
)-, and
(±)-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol,
5-methylchrysene-1,2-diol, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-3,4-diol,
dibenzo[a,l]pyrene-11,12-diol, benzo[b]fluoranthene-9,10-diol,
benzo[c]chrysene, 5,6-dimethylchrysene-1,2-diol, benzo[c]phenanthrene-3,4-diol,
7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, 5-methylchrysene, and
benz[a]anthracene. We also determined activation of
these procarcinogens by recombinant (T. ni) human P450 enzymes in S.
typhimurium NM2009. There were good correlations between
activities of procarcinogen activation by CYP1A1 preparations expressed
in E. coli and T.
ni cells, although basal activities with three lots of
CYP1B1 in T. ni cells were very high
without substrates and NADPH in our assay system. Using 14 forms of
human P450s (but not CYP1B1) (in T. ni
cells), we found that CYP1A2, 2C9, 3A4, and 2C19 catalyzed activation
of several of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at much slower rates than those catalyzed by CYP1A1 and that other enzymes, including CYP2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C18, 2D6, 2E1, 3A5, 3A7, and 4A11, were almost inactive in the activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons examined here.
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