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Vol. 30, Issue 9, 997-1004, September 2002
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University,
Detroit, Michigan (Z.D., D.L., J.S., W.W., T.A.K., M.R.-M.); Department
of Surgery, Wayne State University and Department of Veterans Affairs,
Detroit, Michigan (M.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
(C.N.F.)
To determine whether the dexamethasone (DEX)-inducible hepatic
sulfotransferase gene expression that has been described in the rat is
conserved in humans, the effects of DEX treatment on hydroxysteroid
sulfotransferase (SULT2A1) and aryl sulfotransferase (SULT1A1) gene
expression were investigated in primary cultured human hepatocytes.
Hepatocytes were prepared from nontransplantable human livers by
collagenase perfusion of the left hepatic lobe, and cultured in
Williams' medium E that was supplemented with 0.25 U/ml insulin. As
reported in the rat, DEX treatment produced concentration-dependent
increases in SULT2A1 mRNA and protein expression, with maximum
increases observed at concentrations of DEX that would be expected to
activate the pregnane X receptor (PXR) transcription factor. In
contrast to the rat, in which DEX-inducible SULT1A1 expression has been
demonstrated, SULT1A1 expression in primary cultured human hepatocytes
was not measurably increased by DEX. In transient transfections
conducted in primary cultured rat hepatocytes, the PXR ligands DEX and
pregnenolone-16
-carbonitrile significantly induced transcription of
human and rat SULT2A reporter gene constructs. Cotransfection of either
the human or rat SULT2A reporter gene with a PXR dominant negative
construct significantly reduced DEX-inducible transcription. These
results underscore that while certain features of rat hepatic
sulfotransferase gene regulation are conserved in humans, important
differences exist across species. The findings also implicate a role
for the PXR transcription factor in DEX-inducible rat and human SULT2A
gene expression.
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