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ASSESSMENT OF DRUG INTERACTIONS IN HEPATOBILIARY TRANSPORT USING RHODAMINE 123 IN SANDWICH-CULTURED RAT HEPATOCYTES

Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

The purpose of the present study was to explore the utility of sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes as an in vitro tool to examine drug interactions at the hepatic transport level. Rhodamine 123 was used as a model substrate for P-glycoprotein-mediated biliary excretion. Effects of various types of P-glycoprotein modulation on the biliary excretion index (BEI; a relative measure of the extent of biliary excretion) and the in vitro biliary clearance (CL_bile) were determined. Significant reductions in rhodamine 123 BEI and CL_bile were noted in the presence of the P-glycoprotein inhibitors verapamil (30–100 µM) and progesterone (100 µM). The P-glycoprotein activator quercetin (10–100 µM) enhanced rhodamine 123 CL_bile by approximately 4-fold, with only a minor effect on BEI, suggesting that quercetin had a more pronounced effect on uptake at the basolateral membrane rather than excretion across the canalicular membrane. Treatment of hepatocytes for 48 h with dexamethasone (10 µM) resulted in significant enhancement of CL_bile, whereas rifampin (5–50 µM) increased both BEI and CL_bile, indicating that the inducing effects of dexamethasone and rifampin were occurring at the basolateral and canalicular membranes, respectively. Total rhodamine 123 uptake in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes was partly saturable and was affected by the presence of typical Oatp1a4 substrates (digoxin, quinine, d-verapamil, 17ß-estradiol-D-17ß-glucuronide). In summary, sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes are a useful tool to study mechanisms of hepatobiliary drug disposition and to predict the potential for drug interactions in hepatic transport.

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