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Drug Metabolism and Disposition Fast Forward
First published on May 6, 2005; DOI: 10.1124/dmd.105.004085

0090-9556/05/3308-1229-1237$20.00
DMD 33:1229-1237, 2005

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CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME P450-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASES IN THE RAT OLFACTORY MUCOSA

Anne-Laure Minn, Hélène Pelczar, Claire Denizot, Michel Martinet, Jean-Marie Heydel, Bernard Walther, Alain Minn, Hervé Goudonnet, and Yves Artur

Unité Mixte de Recherche 1234 Toxicologie Alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Bourgogne, Faculté de Pharmacie, Dijon Cedex, France (A.-L.M., H.P., J.-M.H., H.G., Y.A.); Technologie Servier, Orléans Cedex 1, France (C.D., M.M., B.W.); and Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-7561, Université Henry Poincaré-Nancy 1, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (A.M.)

Nasal administration of a drug ensures therapeutic action by rapid systemic absorption and/or the entry of some molecules into the brain through different routes. Many recent studies have pointed out the presence of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in rat olfactory mucosa (OM). Nevertheless, very little is known about the precise identity of isoforms of cytochrome P450 (P450)-dependent monooxygenases (P450) and their metabolic function in this tissue. Therefore, we evaluated mRNA expression of 19 P450 isoforms by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and measured their microsomal activity toward six model substrates. For purposes of comparison, studies were conducted on OM and the liver. Specific activities toward phenacetin, chlorzoxazone, and dextromethorphan are higher in OM than in the liver; those toward lauric acid and testosterone are similar in both tissues, and that toward tolbutamide is much lower in OM. There are considerable differences between the two tissues with regard to mRNA expression of P450 isoforms. Some isoforms are expressed in OM but not in the liver (CYP1A1, 2G1, 2B21, and 4B1), whereas mRNA of others (CYP2C6, 2C11, 2D2, 3A1, 3A2, and 4A1) is present only in hepatic tissue. Although expression of CYP1A2, 2A1, 2A3, 2B2, 2D1, 2D4, 2E1, 2J4, and 3A9 is noticed in both tissues, there are a number of quantitative differences. On the whole, our results strongly suggest that CYP1A1, 1A2, 2A3, 2E1, 2G1, and 3A9 are among the main functional isoforms present in OM, at least regarding activities toward the six tested substrates. The implication of olfactory P450-dependent monooxygenases in toxicology, phar-macology, and physiology should be further investigated.

Address correspondence to: Pr. Y. Artur, UMR 1234 Toxicologie Alimentaire, INRA-Université de Bourgogne, Faculté de Pharmacie, 7, boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 DIJON Cedex, France. E-mail: yves.artur{at}u-bourgogne.fr






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