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First published on June 24, 2004; DOI: 10.1124/dmd.104.000059

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Received for publication April 5, 2004.
Revised June 16, 2004.
Accepted for publication June 22, 2004.

IN VITRO METABOLISM OF MK-0767, A PPAR DUAL AGONIST. II. IDENTIFICATION OF METABOLITES BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY

David Q Liu 1, Bindhu V. Karanam 1*, George A Doss 1, Rick R Sidler 1, Stella H Vincent 1, Cornelis E.C.A. Hop 2

1 Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 2 Merck Research Laboratories

* Address correspondence to: E-mail: bindhu_karanam{at}merck.com

Abstract

The in vitro metabolism of MK-0767, a novel 2,4-thiazolidinedione (TZD)-containing PPAR{alpha}/{gamma} agonist, was studied in rat, dog, monkey, and human liver microsomes and hepatocytes, as well as in recombinant human CYP3A4-containing microsomes. Twenty-two metabolites (some at trace levels) were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. All appeared to be Phase I metabolites except for a glucuronide conjugate of a hydroxylated metabolite that was detected at trace levels. A constant neutral loss scan experiment performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer proved to be very useful for resolving the metabolites from endogenous compounds. It was observed that the initial site of metabolism of MK-0767 was at the TZD ring leading to two major metabolites, namely the 5-hydroxy-TZD metabolite (M24) and the mercapto metabolite (M22). The latter was formed via the cleavage of the TZD ring with the elimination of the carbonyl adjacent to the sulfur atom. The structure of M24 was established by accurate mass measurements and NMR analysis. This hydroxy-TZD metabolite might represent an important precursor for a group of metabolites formed by TZD ring opening and subsequent loss of the sulfur moiety. The mercapto metabolite, on the other hand, is probably the key precursor for the TZD ring-opened metabolites with retention of the sulfur, even though the detailed mechanism of the ring scission remains to be characterized. From these studies, it was concluded that the TZD ring was the major site of metabolism of MK-0767. All the metabolites produced in vitro from human preparations were detected in the corresponding preparations from the nonclinical species.


Key words: cytochrome P450, HPLC, liver microsomes, mass spectrometry, metabolite indentification, microsomes


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