Received for publication January 25, 2005.
Revised August 19, 2005.
Accepted for publication August 22, 2005.

Biotransformation of deramciclane in primary hepatocytes of rat, mouse, rabbit, dog and human

Abstract

Metabolic fate of deramciclane [(1R,2S,4R)-(-)-2-phenyl-2-(2'-dimethylamino-ethoxy)-1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane], a new anxiolytic drug-candidate, has been determined in rat, mouse, rabbit, dog and human hepatocytes. Rat and rabbit cells were the most active, whereas the rate of metabolism was quite slow in human hepatocytes. During biotransformation, deramciclane underwent side chain modification and oxidation at several positions of the molecule. The side chain modification led to the formation of N-desmethyl deramciclane and phenyborneol. The oxidation of deramciclane resulted in several hydroxy-, carboxy- and N-oxide derivatives. The hydroxlation took place at primary or secondary carbons of the camphor ring as well as at the side chain, furthermore, dihydroxylated derivatives were also found. The side chain modified metabolites were also oxidized to hydroxy- or carboxy-derivatives. Conjugation of phase I metabolites, as a route of elimination, was also observed in rat, rabbit and dog hepatocytes. Although there were some species differences in biotransformation of deramciclane, it was concluded that phase I metabolism in human liver cells seemed to be similar to the metabolism in the hepatocytes isolated from rat. With careful approach, the rat model may be considered to be predictive for human metabolism of deramciclane.

Key words: cytochrome P450 catalyzed oxidations, hepatocytes, isolated hepatocytes, metabolite identification

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