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Drug Metabolism and Disposition Fast Forward
First published on August 25, 2008; DOI: 10.1124/dmd.108.023150

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Received for publication June 27, 2008.
Revised August 20, 2008.
Accepted for publication August 21, 2008.

Intravenous Formulation of HET0016 for Inhibition of Rat Brain 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (20-HETE) Formation

Ying Mu 1, Megan M Klamerus 1, Tricia M Miller 1, Lisa C Rohan 1, Steven H Graham 2, Samuel Poloyac 1*

1 University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy 2 University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

* Address correspondence to: E-mail: poloyac{at}pitt.edu

Abstract

N-Hydroxy-N'-(4-n-butyl-2-methylphenyl)formamidine (HET0016) is a potent inhibitor of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) formation by specific cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms. Previous studies have demonstrated that administration of HET0016 inhibits brain formation of 20-HETE and reduces brain damage in a rat model of thromboembolic stroke. Delineation of the dose, concentration, neuroprotective effect relationship of HET0016 has been hampered by the relative insolubility of HET0016 in aqueous solutions and the lack of information concerning the mechanism and duration of HET0016 inhibition of brain 20-HETE formation. Therefore, it was the purpose of this study to develop a water soluble formulation of HET0016 suitable for intravenous (iv) administration and to determine the time course and mechanism of brain 20-HETE inhibition after in vivo dosing. In this study we report that HET0016 is a non-competitive inhibitor of rat brain 20-HETE formation, which demonstrates a tissue concentration range for brain inhibition. In addition, we demonstrate that complexation of HET0016 with hydroxypropyl-{beta}-cyclodextrin (HP{beta}CD) results in increased aqueous solubility of HET0016 from 34.2 ± 31.2 µg/mL to 452.7 ± 63.3 µg/mL. Administration of the complex containing formulation as a single HET0016 iv dose (1 mg/kg) rapidly reduced rat brain 20-HETE concentrations from 289 pmol/g to 91 pmol/g. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the iv formulation of HET0016 rapidly penetrates the rat brain and significantly inhibits 20-HETE tissue concentrations. These results will enable future studies to determine biopharmaceutics of HET0016 for inhibition of 20-HETE after cerebral ischemia.


Key words: arachidonic acid metabolism, cerebral metabolism, CNS pharmacokinetics, CYP4, eicosanoids, enzyme mechanism, extrahepatic cytochrome P450, fatty acid metabolism, mass spectrometry, microsomes




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