TY - JOUR T1 - Oral and Topical Absorption, Disposition Kinetics, and the Metabolic Fate of <em>trans</em>-Methyl Styryl Ketone in the Male Fischer 344 Rat JF - Drug Metabolism and Disposition JO - Drug Metab Dispos SP - 732 LP - 739 VL - 25 IS - 6 AU - John-Michael Sauer AU - Richard L. Smith AU - Jingqi Bao AU - Margaret J. Kattnig AU - Robert K. Kuester AU - Thomas D. McClure AU - Michael Mayersohn AU - I. Glenn Sipes Y1 - 1997/06/01 UR - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/25/6/732.abstract N2 - trans-Methyl styryl ketone (MSK;trans-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one) is a β-unsaturated ketone that has a wide range of uses in industry and is present in numerous consumer products. Although MSK has been shown to be positive in several in vitro mutagenic assays, it does not seem to be overtly toxic in animal models. This lack of toxicity may relate to its poor absorption and/or rapid elimination. However, little is known about the fate of MSK in the body. Studies were conducted to characterize the absorption, and disposition kinetics of MSK after intravenous, oral, and topical administration to male Fischer 344 rats. After intravenous administration of [14C]MSK (20 mg/kg, 120 μCi/kg), blood concentration-time data could be characterized with a biexponential equation and apparent first-order elimination kinetics. The following pharmacokinetic parameter values were obtained (mean ± SD): terminal disposition half-life, 17.7 ± 0.08 min; apparent steady-state volume of distribution, 0.89 ± 0.14 liters/kg; systemic body clearance, 68.9 ± 10.0 ml/kg * min; and mean residence time, 13.1 ± 2.2 min. Within 48 hr, 95.5% of the dose was excreted in the urine and 2.7% in the feces. The major blood metabolite after intravenous administration was identified by GC/MS as the 4-phenyl-3-buten-2-ol (methyl styryl carbinol). After oral administration of [14C]MSK (200 mg/kg, 100 μCi/kg), ∼96.6% of the dosed radioactivity was recovered in the urine and 4.8% in the feces within 48 hr. Major urinary metabolites identified by LC-MS/MS and quantified by HPLC radioassay wereN-phenylacetyl-l-glycine (64.9% of dose) andN-benzyl-l-glycine (9.9% of dose). Parent compound could not be detected in the blood after oral administration, and 14C-equivalents in the blood never exceeded 1.3% of the dose. Results suggest near-total presystemic elimination of the oral dose. After topical application of [14C]MSK (250 mg/kg, 50 μCi/kg), &gt;60% of the dose was absorbed, and the majority of the dose was excreted into the urine (55% of dose) in the form of metabolites. Urinary metabolites were similar to those described after oral administration. 14C-equivalents were not detected in the blood at any time after topical administration. These results indicate that MSK is almost totally metabolized before systemic distribution after oral or topical administration. The systemic exposure dose of MSK seems to be exceedingly low at the doses studied herein. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics ER -