PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Christopher C. Marohnic
AU  - Satya P. Panda
AU  - Karen McCammon
AU  - José Rueff
AU  - Bettie Sue Siler Masters
AU  - Michel Kranendonk
TI  - Human Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase Deficiency Caused by the Y181D Mutation: Molecular Consequences and Rescue of Defect
AID  - 10.1124/dmd.109.030445
DP  - 2010 Feb 01
TA  - Drug Metabolism and Disposition
PG  - 332--340
VI  - 38
IP  - 2
4099  - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/38/2/332.short
4100  - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/38/2/332.full
SO  - Drug Metab Dispos2010 Feb 01; 38
AB  - Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, exhibiting combined CYP17 and CYP21 deficiency, were shown by Arlt et al. (2004) to harbor a 541T→G mutation in exon 5 of POR (encoding NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, CYPOR), which resulted in a Y181D substitution that obliterated electron transfer capacity. Using bacterial expression models, we examined catalytic and physical properties of the human CYPOR Y181D variant. As purified, Y181D lacked flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase (NCR) activity but retained normal flavin adenine dinucleotide binding and NADPH utilization. Titration of the purified protein with FMN restored 64 of wild-type (WT) NCR activity in Y181D with an activation constant of ∼2 μM. As determined by FMN fluorescence quenching, Y181D had KdFMN = 7.3 μM. Biplasmid coexpression of CYPOR and CYP1A2, at the physiological ratio of ∼1:10 in the engineered MK_1A2_POR Escherichia coli strain, showed the compromised capacity of Y181D to support CYP1A2-catalyzed metabolism of the procarcinogens 2-aminoanthracene, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline, and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. Isolated MK1A2_POR membranes confirmed FMN stimulation of Y181D NCR activity with a 1.6 μM activation constant. CYP1A2 ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activity of the MK1A2_PORY181D membranes, undetectable in the absence of added FMN, increased to 37% of MK1A2_PORWT membranes with a 1.2 μM FMN activation constant. Therefore, we conclude that compromised FMN binding is the specific molecular defect causing POR deficiency in patients with Y181D mutation and that this defect, in large part, can be overcome in vitro by FMN addition.Copyright © 2010 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics