TY - JOUR T1 - CRISPR-Cas9: A New Addition to the Drug Metabolism and Disposition Tool Box JF - Drug Metabolism and Disposition JO - Drug Metab Dispos SP - 1776 LP - 1786 DO - 10.1124/dmd.118.082842 VL - 46 IS - 11 AU - M. Karlgren AU - I. Simoff AU - M. Keiser AU - S. Oswald AU - P. Artursson Y1 - 2018/11/01 UR - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/46/11/1776.abstract N2 - Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9), i.e., CRISPR-Cas9, has been extensively used as a gene-editing technology during recent years. Unlike earlier technologies for gene editing or gene knockdown, such as zinc finger nucleases and RNA interference, CRISPR-Cas9 is comparably easy to use, affordable, and versatile. Recently, CRISPR-Cas9 has been applied in studies of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) and for ADME model generation. To date, about 50 papers have been published describing in vitro or in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing of ADME and ADME-related genes. Twenty of these papers describe gene editing of clinically relevant genes, such as ATP-binding cassette drug transporters and cytochrome P450 drug-metabolizing enzymes. With CRISPR-Cas9, the ADME tool box has been substantially expanded. This new technology allows us to develop better and more predictive in vitro and in vivo ADME models and map previously underexplored ADME genes and gene families. In this mini-review, we give an overview of the CRISPR-Cas9 technology and summarize recent applications of CRISPR-Cas9 within the ADME field. We also speculate about future applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in ADME research. ER -