RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Hepatic Transcript Profiles of Cytochrome P450 Genes Predict Sex Differences in Drug Metabolism JF Drug Metabolism and Disposition JO Drug Metab Dispos FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics SP dmd.119.089367 DO 10.1124/dmd.119.089367 A1 James C. Fuscoe A1 Vikrant Vijay A1 Joseph P. Hanig A1 Tao Han A1 Lijun Ren A1 James J. Greenhaw A1 Richard D. Beger A1 Lisa M. Pence A1 Qiang Shi YR 2020 UL http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2020/03/19/dmd.119.089367.abstract AB Safety assessments of new drug candidates are an important part of the drug development and approval process. Often, possible sex-associated susceptibilities are not adequately addressed, and better assessment tools are needed. We hypothesized that hepatic transcript profiles of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMETs) can be used to predict sex-associated differences in drug metabolism, and possible adverse events. Comprehensive hepatic transcript profiles were generated for F344 rats of both sexes at nine ages, from 2 weeks (pre-weaning) to 104 weeks (elderly). Large differences in the transcript profiles of 29 DMETs were found between adult males and females (8-52 weeks). Using the PharmaPendium database, 41 drugs were found to be metabolized by one or two cytochrome P450 (Cyp) enzymes encoded by sexually dimorphic mRNAs, and thus were candidates for evaluation of possible sexually dimorphic metabolism and/or toxicities. Suspension cultures of primary hepatocytes from three male and three female adult rats (10-13 weeks old) were used to evaluate the metabolism of 11 drugs predicted to have sexually dimorphic metabolism. The pharmacokinetics of the drug or its metabolite was analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry using multiple reaction monitoring. Of those drugs with adequate metabolism, the predicted significant sex-different metabolism was found for six of seven drugs, with half-lives 37%- 400% longer in female hepatocytes than in male hepatocytes. Thus, in this rat model, transcript profiles may allow identification of potential sex-related differences in drug metabolism.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The present study showed that sex-different expression of genes coding for drug metabolizing enzymes, specifically cytochrome P450s, could be used to predict sex-different drug metabolism, and, thus, provide a new tool for protecting susceptible subpopulations from possible adverse drug events.