TABLE 5

Prediction of functional consequences of non-synonymous SNPs in ABCB4 and ABCB11

Grantham values range from 5 to 215; low values (<50) indicate chemical similarity and high values (≥50) indicate more radical differences. SIFT (sorting intolerant from tolerant) values range from 0 to 1; values close to 0 are less tolerated, whereas those near 1 are better tolerated substitutions. PolyPhen calculates PSIC (position-specific independent counts) scores for two amino acid variants in the polymorphic position. Large differences (>1.5) are less tolerated. BLOSUM62 values range from -4 to +3, with negative values indicating less acceptable and non-negative values indicating more acceptable substitutions. EC/EU classifies nonsynonymous variants as evolutionary conserved (EC) or -unconserved (EU) based on sequence alignments with mammalian orthologs.