Pharmacokinetic parameters of nitrofurantoin in SD female rats after p.o. and i.v. administration of nitrofurantoin with or without the coadministration of chrysin
The plasma concentration-time profile of nitrofurantoin in SD rats after p.o. and i.v. administration with control vehicle or the specified doses of chrysin was determined as described under Materials and Methods. The pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by noncompartmental analysis using WinNonlin. Data are expressed as mean ± S.D. The number of animals for each treatment group is specified in parentheses after the corresponding group names.
Parameters | Nitrofurantoin (10 mg/kg p.o.) | Nitrofurantoin (2 mg/kg i.v.) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 6) | Chrysin (50 mg/kg p.o.) (n = 4) | Chrysin (200 mg/kg p.o.) (n = 5) | Control (n = 7) | Chrysin (50 mg/kg i.p.) (n = 7) | ||||
| AUC0-720 (μg/ml · min) | 306 ± 83.3 | 308 ± 60.1 | 527 ± 139* | |||||
| AUC0-120 (μg/ml · min) | 90.3 ± 17.8 | 122 ± 32.9** | ||||||
| AUC0-∞ (μg/ml · min) | 344 ± 101 | 366 ± 55.9 | 605 ± 163* | 91.5 ± 18.0 | 123 ± 34.0** | |||
| Cmax (μg/ml) | 1.01 ± 0.47 | 1.01 ± 0.33 | 1.73 ± 0.52** | |||||
| CL/F or CL (ml/min/kg) | 31.0 ± 8.65 | 27.8 ± 4.13 | 17.9 ± 6.58** | 22.7 ± 4.95 | 17.5 ± 5.35 | |||
| t1/2 (min) | 166 ± 67.4 | 145 ± 13.1 | 164 ± 73.1 | 23.6 ± 5.34 | 21.3 ± 2.28 | |||
| Bioavailability (%) | 60.2 ± 15.3 | 61.8 ± 8.75 | 114 ± 17.9* |
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↵* p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05 compared with the corresponding control group.