TABLE 1

Results of neurological examination before loperamide (0.2 mg/kg p.o.) administration to ABCB1-1Δ and ABCB1 wild-type collies

Mental Status: alert, depressed, demented, disoriented, stuporous, and comatose. Posture: normal, head tilt (L or R), head turn (L or R), falling, tremor, tetany, decerebrate, decerebellate, Schiff-Sherrington, and other. Gait: ataxia (truncal, all, or pelvic limbs), paretic (tetra-, para-, hemi-, or mono), plegic (tetra-, para-, hemi-, or mono), lame (LT, RT, LP, RP), short-strided/stiff (T, P, all), and unable to stand (T, P, all). Postural reactions, cranial nerves, spinal reflexes: 0 = absent; 1 = reduced; 2 = normal; 3 = exaggerated.

Cranial nerves examined include II and VII (menace response, pupil size, direct and indirect pupillary light response); III, IV, VI (resting strabismus); III, IV, VI, VIII (positional strabismus); VIII (spontaneous, positional, or changing nystagmus); VIII, III, IV, VI (oculovestibular); V (facial sensation, mastication, ocular sensation); VII (facial symmetry); V, VII (palpebral); IX, X (swallowing); XI (trapezius muscle); XII (tongue).