A representative set of clinical drug-drug interactions due to P450 induction
P450 | Inducer (Substrate) | Clinical Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| CYP1A2 | Omeprazole (caffeine) | 39% Increase in exhalation of [14C]CO2 in CYP2C19 poor and intermediate metabolizers compared with 12% increase in extensive metabolizers | Rost et al., 1992 |
| CYP2B6 | Rifampicin (bupropion) | Apparent clearance increased from 2.6 l/h/kg to 7.9 l/h/kg | Loboz et al., 2006 |
| CYP2C9 | Rifampicin (celecoxib) | AUC decreased by 64% | Jayasagar et al., 2003 |
| CYP2E1 | Alcohol (chlorzoxazone) | Total plasma clearance 73% higher in alcoholics | Girre et al., 1994 |
| CYP3A4 | Efavirenz (simvastatin) | Simvastatin-acid AUC decreased 58%, and HMG-CoA activity decreased 60% | Gerber et al., 2005 |
| CYP3A4 and -2C8 | Rifampicin (repaglinide) | AUC decreased by 57%; blood glucose decremental AUC (0-3 h) reduced from 0.94 to -0.23 mmol/l | Niemi et al., 2000 |
| Multiple | Lopinavir/ritonavir | ||
| CYP1A2 | (caffeine) | Urinary metabolite ratios increased by 43% | Yeh et al., 2006 |
| CYP2C9 | (warfarin) | AUC decreased by 1.4-fold | |
| CYP2C19 | (omeprazole) | Omeprazole/5-hydroxyomeprazole ratio decreased 2.7-fold | |
| CYP3A4 | (midazolam) | Apparent clearance decreased by 12-fold |
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