Peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and 24-h urinary excretion of chlorogenic acid derivatives and metabolites in healthy volunteers, after ingestion of 412 μmol of chlorogenic acids, and derivatives contained in a 200-ml serving of instant coffee a
Metabolites | Plasma Cmax | Urinary Excretion |
|---|---|---|
| nM | μmol | |
| Dihydroferulic acid | 385 ± 86 | 9.7 ± 2.0 |
| Dihydroferulic acid-4-O-sulfate | 145 ± 53 | 12.4 ± 3.4 |
| Dihydroferulic acid-4-O-glucuronide | Traces | 8.4 ± 1.9 |
| Dihydroisoferulic acid-3-O-glucuronide | n.d. | 2.5 ± 0.4 |
| Dihydrocaffeic acid | 41 ± 10 | Traces |
| Dihydrocaffeic acid-3-O-sulfate | 325 ± 99 | 37.1 ± 8.2 |
| Dihydrocaffeic acid-3-O-glucuronide | n.d. | 0.7 ± 0.2 |
| Ferulic acid-4-O-sulfate | 79 ± 12 | 11.1 ± 1.6 |
| Isoferulic acid-3-O-glucuronide | Traces | 4.8 ± 0.5 |
| Isoferulic acid-3-O-sulfate | Traces | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| Caffeic acid-3-O-sulfate | 92 ± 11 | 6.4 ± 0.8 |
| Caffeic acid-4-O-sulfate | Traces | 0.6 ± 0.1 |
| Feruloylglycine | n.d. | 20.7 ± 3.9 |
| 3-O-Feruloylquinic acid | 16 ± 2 | 1.2 ± 0.1 |
| 4-O-Feruloylquinic acid | 14 ± 2 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
| 5-O-Feruloylquinic acid | 6 ± 2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 |
| 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid lactone-O-sulfate | 27 ± 3 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
| 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid lactone-O-sulfate | 21 ± 4 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
| 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid | 2 ± 1 | n.d. |
| Total | 1153 ± 257 | 120 ± 17 |
n.d., not detected.
↵ a Mean values ± S.E. (n = 11).