TABLE 2

Pharmacokinetic parameters of verapamil and/or norverapamil after intragastric (10 mg/kg) and intravenous (1 mg/kg) administration of verapamil to control and diabetic rats

ParametersControl RatsDiabetic Rats
Oral administration
    Verapamil
        Cmax (ng/ml)134.31 ± 39.66442.10 ± 147.90**
        Tmax (min)34.0 ± 15.221.7 ± 4.1
        AUC0–480 min (μg · min/ml)22.02 ± 6.2438.31 ± 8.49**
        AUC0–∞ (μg · min/ml)27.09 ± 7.9141.56 ± 7.85**
        t1/2 (min)224.7 ± 42.9196.1 ± 40.2
    Norverapamil
        Cmax (ng/ml)68.14 ± 20.22112.33 ± 15.91**
        Tmax (min)36.0 ± 13.425.0 ± 5.5
        AUC0–480 min (μg · min/ml)14.58 ± 2.7516.12 ± 1.80
        AUC0–∞ (μg · min/ml)19.48 ± 2.3320.17 ± 2.52
        t1/2 (min)232.9 ± 46.6224.7 ± 42.9
        AUC(norverapamil)/AUC(verapamil)0.69 ± 0.130.43 ± 0.09**
        F (%)15.1629.88
Intravenous administration
    Verapamil
        AUC0–300 min (μg · min/ml)15.37 ± 1.8211.91 ± 2.76*
        AUC0–∞ (μg · min/ml)17.87 ± 1.5313.91 ± 3.07*
        t1/2 (min)22.3 ± 3.418.4 ± 4.7
        CL (ml/min/kg)56.28 ± 4.6074.24 ± 13.53*

  • ↵* p < 0.05.

  • ↵** p < 0.01 versus control rats.