Donor and Compounds | 0 h | 2 h | 5 h | 24 h | 48 h | 72 h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
μM | ||||||
I | ||||||
Punicalagin | 60 ± 2 | 67 ± 2 | 33 ± 1 | 27 ± 1 | 19 ± 8 | 13 ± 1 |
Ellagic acid | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
Urolithin C | N.D. | N.D. | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
Isourolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Urolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Total urolithins | N.D. | N.D. | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
II | ||||||
Punicalagin | 44 ± 0 | 52 ± 2 | 20 ± 0 | 24 ± 0 | 25 ± 2 | 21 ± 9 |
Ellagic acid | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 2.7 ± 0.3 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Urolithin C | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | N.D. |
Isourolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Urolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Total urolithins | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | N.D. |
III | ||||||
Punicalagin | 65 ± 2 | 64 ± 2 | 33 ± 1 | 33 ± 0 | 33 ± 0 | 26 ± 0.3 |
Ellagic acid | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.0 |
Urolithin C | N.D. | N.D. | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 |
Isourolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Urolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Total urolithins | N.D. | N.D. | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 |
IV | ||||||
Punicalagin | 46 ± 6 | 22 ± 0 | 5.8 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.9 |
Ellagic acid | 2.6 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 |
Urolithin C | N.D. | N.D. | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.7 ± 0.0 |
Isourolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 1.2 ± 0.0 | 23 ± 0.6 | 24 ± 1.4 |
Urolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 1.2 ± 0.0 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.2 |
Total urolithins | N.D. | N.D. | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 26 ± 0.7 | 27 ± 2 |
V | ||||||
Punicalagin | 60 ± 4 | 21 ± 0.3 | 13 ± 0.7 | 16 ± 2 | 14 ± 3 | 15 ± 3 |
Ellagic acid | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.0 |
Urolithin C | N.D. | N.D. | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 1.8 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.0 |
Isourolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
Urolithin A | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 1.8 ± 0.0 |
Total urolithins | N.D. | N.D. | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 1.8 ± 0.0 | 2.8 ± 0.0 | 2.9 ± 0.0 |
N.D., not detected.