TABLE 2

Characterization of licorice metabolites in rats after oral administration of a high dosage (20 g/kg) of licorice water extract by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSⁿ and LC/qTOF-MS

Metabolites characterized in Table 1 are not included.

Deriving Licorice Compound (mol. wt.)	No.	RT	λ_max	Formula	[M − H]⁻			MS/MS^{^a}	Metabolite	Plasma	Urine
Deriving Licorice Compound (mol. wt.)	No.	RT	λ_max	Formula	Measured	Predicted	Difference	MS/MS^{^a}	Metabolite	Plasma	Urine
		min	nm				ppm
Choerospondin (434)	69^{^b}	10.34		C₂₁H₂₂O₁₄S	529.0652	529.0657	1.0	353, 449	Naringenin dihydrochalcone-O-GluA-O-Sul	N.D.	D^L^{^c}; D^H^{^d}
	70^{^b}	11.74		C₂₁H₂₀O₁₄S	527.0504	527.0501	−0.6	351, 447	Naringenin-O-GluA-O-Sul	D^H	D^H; D^L
	71^{^b}	16.21	284	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁	447.0943	447.0933	−2.2	271, 175	Naringenin-O-GluA	D^H	D^H; D^L
	72^{^b}	16.85		C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁	447.0949	447.0933	−3.7	271, 175	Naringenin-O-GluA	N.D.	D^H; D^L
	73^{^b}	17.39		C₂₁H₂₂O₁₁	449.1097	449.1089	−1.7	273	Naringenin dihydrochalcone-O-GluA	D^L	D^H; D^L
	74^{^b}	18.64		C₂₁H₂₂O₁₁	449.1091	449.1089	−0.4	273	Naringenin dihydrochalcone-O-GluA	N.D.	D^H; D^L
	75^{^b}	19.68	284	C₁₅H₁₄O₈S	353.0344	353.0337	−2.0	273, 151	Naringenin dihydrochalcone-O-Sul	N.D.	D^H; D^L
	76^{^b}	25.83		C₁₅H₁₂O₈S	351.0184	351.0180	−1.1	271	Naringenin-O-Sul	D^H; D^L	D^L
Cyclolicoflavanone (340)	77^{^b}	31.80		C₂₆H₂₈O₁₁	515.1557	515.1559	0.4	339, 175	Cyclolicoflavanone-O-GluA	N.D.	D^H; D^L
	78^{^b}	32.51		C₂₆H₂₈O₁₁	515.1562	515.1559	−0.6	339, 175	Cyclolicoflavanone-O-GluA	D^L	D^H; D^L
Genkwanin (284)	79^{^b}	17.44	312	C₂₂H₂₀O₁₄S	539.0504	539.0501	−2.6	459, 357	Genkwanin-O-GluA-O-Sul	D^H	N.D.
Glycycoumarin (368)	80^{^b}	24.07		C₃₃H₃₆O₁₈	719.1853	719.1829	−3.4	367, 352	Glycycoumarin-di-O-GluA	D^H	D^L
	81^{^b}	24.14		C₂₇H₂₈O₁₂	543.1517	543.1508	−1.7	367, 497	Glycycoumarin-O-GluA	D^H; D^L	D^H; D^L
	82^{^b}	25.09		C₂₇H₂₈O₁₂	543.1507	543.1508	0.3	367, 497	Glycycoumarin-O-GluA	D^H; D^L	D^H; D^L
Licoisoflavone A (354)	83^{^b}	23.21		C₃₂H₃₄O₁₈	705.1691	705.1672	−2.6	529, 353	Licoisoflavone A-di-O-GluA	D^H	D^H; D^L
	84^{^b}	24.20	260	C₃₂H₃₄O₁₈	705.1693	705.1672	−2.9	529, 658, 353	Licoisoflavone A-di-O-GluA	D^H	D^H; D^L
	85^{^b}	31.20	280	C₂₆H₂₆O₁₂	529.1359	529.1351	−1.5	353, 175	Licoisoflavone A-O-GluA	D^L	D^H; D^L
	86^{^b}	33.62		C₂₆H₂₆O₁₂	529.1362	529.1351	−2.0	353, 175	Licoisoflavone A-O-GluA	D^H; D^L	D^H
Licoisoflavone B (352)	87^{^b}	34.96	262	C₂₆H₂₄O₁₂	527.1206	527.1195	−0.4	351	Licoisoflavone B-O-GluA	D^L	D^H; D^L
Licorice-saponin A3 (984)	88	25.42		C₄₈H₇₂O₂₁	983.4488	983.4493	0.5	821, 645, 351	Licorice-saponin A3	D^H	N.D.
Licorice-saponin G2 (838)	89	30.76		C₄₂H₆₂O₁₇	837.3903	837.3914	0.5	351, 661, 776	Licorice-saponin G2	D^H	N.D.
Semilicoisoflavone B (352)	90^{^b}	25.55	260	C₂₇H₂₈O₁₁	527.1202	527.1195	−1.3	351, 175	Semilicoisoflavone B-O-GluA	D^H	D^H; D^L

RT, retention time; N.D., not detected; Sul, sulfate; w, signal too weak.
a Bold indicates the base peak (100% intensity). The base peak for [M − H] is not in bold.
b Confirmed by enzyme hydrolysis.
c D^H, detected in LWE high-dosage biosamples by LC/MS.
d D^L, detected in LWE normal dosage biosamples by LC/SRM-MS.