TABLE 1

Acyl glucuronide chemical stability and reversible inhibition of hCESs

Compounds are listed in increasing order by their chemical stability. The ClogP values were determined using ChemBioDraw (CambridgeSoft, Cambridge, MA).

	ClogP	Chemical Stability t_1/2		K_i with hCES1
	ClogP	This study	In literature	K_i with hCES1
		hours		µM
CGP 47292-β-d-glucuronide	−0.753	0.252	NA	NT
Diclofenac-β-d-glucuronide	2.92	0.537	0.51^a	4.32 ± 0.47
(R)-Naproxen-β-d-glucuronide	1.01	0.996	0.92^a	468 ± 21
(S)-Naproxen-β-d-glucuronide	1.01	1.77	1.8^a	707 ± 64
Ibuprofen-β-d-glucuronide	1.87	3.67 (1.29, 2.25)^*	racemic =3.5^b	355 ± 38
			(R)=1.8^c
			(S)=3.3^c
Clopidogrel-β-d-glucuronide	1.99	5.02	NA	24.8 ± 4.2
Valproate-β-d-glucuronide	0.953	15.2	60^d, 79^a	NT

NA, not available; NT, not tested due to minor inhibition at 1 mM.
↵* These two values were determined by chromatographic separation of the racemic mixture, but were not identified as the (R) or (S) enantiomer.
↵a Regan et al., 2010.
↵b Vanderhoeven et al., 2006.
↵c Akira et al., 2000.
↵d Ethell et al., 2003.