TABLE 3

Human in vivo plasma and blood clearance values

Compound	PK Parameters from the Literature				Nonrenal Clearance
Compound	f_u	F_renal	R_b	CL	CL_p	CL_b
				ml/min per kg
Alprazolam	0.29^{^a}	0.20^{^a}	0.78^{^b}	0.59^{^c}	0.47	0.61
Atazanavir	0.14^{^a}	0.07^{^a}	Unknown^{^d}	8.74^{^e}	8.13	8.13
Atomoxetine^{^f}	0.013^{^a}	0.01^{^a}	0.55^{^g}	3.92^{^h}	3.88	7.05
Diazepam	0.015^ⁱ	<0.01^{^a}	0.71^{^j}	0.38^{^a}	0.38	0.53
Diclofenac	0.005^{^a}	<0.01^{^a}	0.55^{^b}	4.22^{^k}	4.22	7.67
Flecainide	0.39^{^a}	0.43^{^a}	0.89^{^l}	9.1^{^m}	5.19	5.82
Glimepiride	0.005^{^a}	<0.005^{^a}	0.55^{^l}	0.62^{^k}	0.62	1.12
Lidocaine	0.3^{^l}	0.02^{^l}	0.84^{^l}	9.2^{^l}	9.02	10.7
Meloxicam	0.006^{^l}	0.01^{^l}	1.22^{^l}	0.15^{^l}	0.15	0.12
Midazolam	0.02^{^a}	0.01^{^a}	0.69^{^b}	4.6^ⁿ	4.55	8.59
Riluzole	0.02^{^a}	<0.01^{^a}	1.7^{^l}	3.52^{^a}	3.48	2.05
Risperidone	0.11^{^a}	0.03^{^a}	0.67^{^l}	3.56^{^a}	3.46	5.16
Prednisolone	0.28^{^o}	0.17^{^p}	Unknown^{^d}	1.73^{^q}	1.44	1.44
Theophylline	0.41^{^r}	0.1^{^s}	0.85^{^t}	1.07^{^u}	0.96	1.13
Tolbutamide	0.058^{^v}	<0.01^{^b}	0.55^{^b}	0.17^{^v}	0.2	0.31
Voriconazole	0.42^{^a}	<0.02^{^a}	Unknown^{^d}	3.80^{^a}	3.80	3.80
Warfarin	0.01^{^a}	<0.02^{^a}	0.55^{^b}	0.045^{^a}	0.045	0.081

CL_b, blood clearance; CL_p, plasma clearance.
↵^a Thummel et al., 2011.
↵^b Obach, 1999.
↵^c Smith et al., 1984.
↵^d Blood to plasma ratio data were not available and are therefore assumed to be 1.
↵^e Piliero, 2004.
↵^f Clearance value representative for extensive metabolizers.
↵^g Sauer et al., 2003.
↵^h Sauer et al., 2005.
↵ⁱ Thiessen et al., 1976.
↵^j Maguire et al., 1980.
↵^k Willis et al., 1979.
↵^l Paixão et al., 2010.
↵^m McQuinn et al., 1988.
↵ⁿ Heizmann et al., 1983.
↵^o Ağabeyoğlu et al., 1979.
↵^p al-Habet and Rogers, 1989.
↵^q Al-Habet and Rogers, 1980.
↵^r Koysooko et al., 1974.
↵^s Ogilvie, 1978.
↵^t Ebden et al., 1986.
↵^u Mitenko and Ogilvie, 1973.
↵^v Wilner and Gardner, 1995.