Metabolite | In Situ Concentration of VPA Metabolites (µM/0.7 × 106 cells) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
10 mM VPA | 15 mM VPA | |||
0.1% DMSO | 1 mM Borneol | 0.1% DMSO | 1 mM Borneol | |
4-ene-VPA | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01* | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.01 |
4-keto-VPA | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.02 |
4-OH-VPA | 3.4 ± 0.56 | 1.4 ± 0.45* | 2.2 ± 0.22 | 1.9 ± 0.21 |
5-OH-VPA | 1.6 ± 0.10 | 0.94 ± 0.05* | 1.7 ± 0.23 | 1.3 ± 0.19 |
(E)-2,4-diene-VPA | None detected | None detected | None detected | None detected |
(E,Z)-2,3′-diene-VPA | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 0.20 ± 0.01 |
(E,E)-2,3′-diene-VPA | 1.5 ± 0.09 | 1.4 ± 0.20 | 1.6 ± 0.22 | 1.5 ± 0.14 |
3-ene-VPA | 1.3 ± 0.13 | 1.2 ± 0.16 | 1.1 ± 0.13 | 1.0 ± 0.10 |
(E)-2-ene-VPA | 1.8 ± 0.16 | 1.9 ± 0.20 | 2.2 ± 0.29 | 2.2 ± 0.23 |
3-OH-VPA | 7.1 ± 0.36 | 6.2 ± 1.5 | 11 ± 3.1 | 7.2 ± 1.1 |
3-keto-VPA | 1.4 ± 0.33 | 1.1 ± 0.35 | 2.8 ± 0.75 | 2.1 ± 0.97 |
↵* Significantly different from the DMSO-cotreated vehicle control group, P < 0.05.