TABLE 1

Kinetic effects of various herbal preparations on clozapine metabolism in HLM^a

Variables	Unit	Control	PGD (2.5 mg/ml)	PR (1.25 mg/ml)	GR (1.25 mg/ml)	PR (1.25 mg/ml) + GR (1.25 mg/ml)
NorCLZ
V_max	pmol/min per milligram of protein	774.3 ± 63.2	348.4 ± 23.7^*	488.0 ± 6.0^*	634.7 ± 10.4^*	442.6 ± 31.3^*
K_m	μM	91.3 ± 6.0	115.6 ± 10.1	72.3 ± 6.2	138.6 ± 13.9^*	107.9 ± 2.9
C_int	μl/min per milligram of protein	8.5 ± 0.2	3.0 ± 0.2^*	6.8 ± 0.5	4.7 ± 0.6^*	4.2 ± 0.4^*
CLZ-N-oxide
V_max	pmol/min per milligram of protein	959.5 ± 1.5	549.0 ± 90.3^*	773.9 ± 44.8	656.2 ± 49.6^*	792.0 ± 100.5
K_m	μM	45.0 ± 5.1	88.2 ± 3.2^*	49.7 ± 1.9	35.2 ± 9.4	102.5 ± 14.4^*
C_int	μl/min per milligram of protein	21.9 ± 2.6	6.3 ± 1.2^*	15.6 ± 0.3	20.5 ± 3.5	8.1 ± 1.6^*

GR, radix Glycyrrhiza preparation; PR, radix paeonia preparation.
↵^a Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, followed by Dunnett’s methods for multiple pair comparisons.
↵* P < 0.05 versus control.