TABLE 4

Predicted bioavailability of carvedilol enantiomers in different populations

Simulated Population	R-Carvedilol				S-Carvedilol
Simulated Population	F_g	F_h	f_a	F	F_g	F_h	f_a	F
Healthy adults	0.98	0.35	0.99	0.34	0.96	0.21	0.88	0.17
Extensive metabolizers	0.99	0.35	0.99	0.34	0.96	0.20	0.89	0.17
Poor metabolizers	1.00	0.65	0.99	0.64	0.98	0.34	0.89	0.30
Adults with heart failure	0.97	0.19	0.74	0.14	0.92	0.11	0.55	0.05
Pediatrics with heart failure^a	0.98	0.42	0.99	0.41	0.96	0.27	0.93	0.23

F, bioavailability; f_a, fraction of drug absorbed; F_g, fraction of drug escaping metabolism in the gut; F_h, fraction of drug escaping the hepatic metabolism.
↵^a Simulation performed without reducing organ blood flows.