IC50 values (μM) of curcumin, curcumin glucuronide, curcumin sulfate, lapatinib, and pantoprazole for efflux transporter substrates in Caco-2 cells
| Curcumin | Curcumin glucuronide | Curcumin sulfate | Lapatinib | Pantoprazole | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCRP substrate | Estrone sulfate | 8.23 | >100 | >100 | 0.0567 | 4.42 |
| Sulfasalazine | 17.4 | >100 | 88.6 | 0.0431 | 3.22 | |
| Rosuvastatin | 9.55 | 5.70 | 13.8 | 0.256 | 14.1 | |
| P-gp Substrate | Digoxin | 56.2 | >100 | >100 | 2.47 | 55.9 |
| Fexofenadine | >100 | − | − | 4.01 | − | |
| Talinolol | >100 | − | − | 2.65 | − | |
| Aliskiren | >100 | − | − | − | − | |
| CYP3A substrate | Midazolam | >100 | − | − | >100 | − |
−, Not determined.