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Measurement of bisphenol A, bisphenol A ß-d-glucuronide, genistein, and genistein 4′-ß-d-glucuronide via SPE and HPLC-MS/MS

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Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic industrial reactant used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, and genistein is a natural phytoestrogen abundant in the soybean. Current studies investigating the endocrine-disrupting effects of concomitant exposures to BPA and genistein have warranted the development of an analytical method for the simultaneous measurement of BPA and genistein, as well as their primary metabolites, bisphenol A ß-d-glucuronide (BPA gluc) and genistein 4′-ß-d-glucuronide (genistein gluc), respectively. All four analytes were extracted from rat plasma via solid phase extraction (SPE). Three SPE cartridges and four elution schemes were tested. Plasma extraction using Bond Elut Plexa cartridges with sequential addition of ethyl acetate, methanol, and acetonitrile yielded optimal average recoveries of 98.1 ± 1.8% BPA, 94.9 ± 8.0% genistein, 91.4 ± 6.1% BPA gluc, and 103 ± 6.1% genistein gluc. Identification and quantification of the four analytes were performed by a validated HPLC-MS/MS method using electrospray ionization and selective reaction monitoring. This novel analytical method should be applicable to the measurement of BPA, genistein, BPA gluc, and genistein gluc in urine, cultures, and tissue following in vivo exposures. While reports of the determination of BPA and genistein independently exist, the simultaneous optimized extraction and detection of BPA, genistein, BPA gluc, and genistein gluc have not previously been reported.

BPA and genistein co-exposure scenario. BPA-laden polycarbonate plastic baby bottle filled with soymilk, a rich source of genistein, provides a classic exposure scenario to young children—a population that is particularly vulnerable to the effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds

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Abbreviations

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem MS

RSD:

Relative standard deviation

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the National Institutes of Health (grant no. T32ES007148), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant no. ES05022), and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute for financial support. A special thank you to Stuart Shalat for performing the statistical analysis for residual percent error.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, A Joint Institute of Rutgers University and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ), Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA

    Janis L. Coughlin, Bozena Winnik & Brian Buckley

  2. Joint Graduate Program of Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 008854-8075, USA

    Janis L. Coughlin & Brian Buckley

  3. University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-5635, USA

    Janis L. Coughlin & Brian Buckley

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  1. Janis L. Coughlin
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  2. Bozena Winnik
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Correspondence to Brian Buckley.

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Coughlin, J.L., Winnik, B. & Buckley, B. Measurement of bisphenol A, bisphenol A ß-d-glucuronide, genistein, and genistein 4′-ß-d-glucuronide via SPE and HPLC-MS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 401, 995–1002 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5151-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5151-8

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