Research paperEnhanced in vitro neurotoxicity of artemisinin derivatives in the presence of haemin☆
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Resolving neuroinflammation, the therapeutic potential of the anti-malaria drug family of artemisinin
2018, Pharmacological ResearchCitation Excerpt :Such effects can be attenuated in the presence of deferoxamine, a chelating agent used to remove excess iron. Smith and colleagues ascribed the opening of the endoperoxide bridge and consequent generated carbon centered free radicals to artemisinins induced neurotoxicity in their subsequent researches [113–115]. Fishwick et al. further demonstrated that DHA induced damage to mitochondrial cristae and endoplasmic reticulum in differentiated NB2a cells [116].
Possible Mechanisms of Developmental Neurotoxicity of Organophosphate Insecticides
2018, Advances in NeurotoxicologyCitation Excerpt :In general, there was no correlation between the inhibition of axonal/neurite growth and the inhibition of AChE in many of these studies suggesting that OPs exert these effects through other mechanisms. However, many other chemicals that are not OPs have been reported to inhibit neurite outgrowth (Abdulla et al., 1995; Abdulla and Campbell, 1993; Attoff et al., 2016; Axelrad et al., 2002, 2003; Chiou and Westhead, 1992; Parran et al., 2001; Popova et al., 2017; Smith et al., 1997, 2001). This type of scenario makes it difficult to definitely state that the effects on outgrowth was an effect specific just to the OP compounds.
MALARIA
2008, Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Principles to PracticeEvidence for the involvement of carbon-centered radicals in the induction of apoptotic cell death by artemisinin compounds
2007, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :These drugs are widely used, with over 100 million courses administered annually (54), despite the fact that embryotoxicity in rats and rabbits (55, 56) and in vivo and in vitro neurotoxicity (57, 58) have been reported. Artemisinins can display cytotoxic activity in actively proliferating mammalian cells (5–12), and it is suggested that toxicity is related to high intracellular iron concentrations (15, 16, 18). It is therefore essential that the chemical and molecular mechanisms of endoperoxide cytotoxicity are defined to assess the safe and effective use of this class of drugs in the established area of malaria and their potential use in the treatment of cancer.
In vivo and in vitro investigations of the effects of the antimalarial drug dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on rat embryos
2006, Reproductive ToxicologyAre currently deployed artemisinins neurotoxic?
2006, Toxicology Letters
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This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust and the UNDP/World Bank/WHO/Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases. S.A.W. is in receipt of a Wellcome Trust Research Leave Fellowship.