An ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrate increases plasma high-density lipoprotein 2 cholesterol and paraoxonase levels in patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia☆
Section snippets
Patients and experimental design
Fourteen FCHL patients who had been followed as outpatients for several years at the E. Grossi Paoletti Lipid Clinic were recruited for the study. Patients characteristics and study design have been previously reported.11 Patients were diagnosed as FCHL when they fulfilled the following criteria16: (1) primary hyperlipidemia, defined by a plasma cholesterol and/or triglyceride level exceeding the 90th percentile in the general population, adjusted for age and sex; (2) varying hyperlipidemia
Results
Omacor was well tolerated; monitoring of drug intake by capsule counting and measurement of FAs profile in plasma phospholipids11 indicated that compliance to treatment was satisfactory. Plasma total cholesterol did not change after placebo or Omacor treatment; plasma triglycerides were significantly lower after Omacor compared to baseline and placebo (Table 1). Plasma LDL cholesterol and apoB concentrations were 25% and 7% higher after Omacor than placebo.11
HDL cholesterol was higher after
Discussion
The dyslipidemia in FCHL patients is characterized by elevations of plasma cholesterol and/or triglycerides, predominance of small and dense LDL, and reduced plasma HDL2 levels.2, 3, 4 We have previously reported that a concentrate of ω-3 FAs lowers plasma triglycerides, and shifts LDL subclass distribution towards more buoyant particles, without affecting LDL size, in FCHL patients.11 We show now that the same ω-3 FA concentrate remarkably increases plasma HDL2 cholesterol and mass levels,
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Supported in part by grants from Pronova Biocare, Oslo, Norway, and from the Istituto Superiore di Sanità of Italy (Grant No. 93–99 /H/T12). R.W.J. was supported by a grant from the Swiss National Research Foundation.