Abstract
The cytochrome P450 superfamily of mixed-function oxygenases has been extensively studied due to its many critical metabolic roles, and also because it is a fascinating example of gene family evolution. The cluster of genes on human chromosome 19 from the CYP2A, 2B, and 2F subfamilies has been previously described as having a complex organization and many pseudogenes. We describe the discovery of genes from three more CYP2 subfamilies inside the cluster, and assemble a complete map of the region. We comprehensively review the organization, structure, and expression of genes from all six subfamilies. A general hypothesis for the evolution of this complex gene cluster is also presented.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases*
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics*
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6
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Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / chemistry*
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Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / genetics*
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Cytochrome P450 Family 2
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Evolution, Molecular*
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Gene Order*
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Humans
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Multigene Family / genetics*
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Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / chemistry
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Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / genetics
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Oxygenases / chemistry
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Oxygenases / genetics
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Steroid Hydroxylases / chemistry
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Steroid Hydroxylases / genetics
Substances
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Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
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Oxygenases
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CYP2S1 protein, human
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Steroid Hydroxylases
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Cyp2f2 protein, mouse
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
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CYP2B6 protein, human
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CYP2F1 protein, human
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6
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Cytochrome P450 Family 2
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cytochrome P-450 CYP2F3 (goat)
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steroid hormone 6-beta-hydroxylase
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Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating