Curcumin or saikosaponin a improves hepatic antioxidant capacity and protects against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats

J Med Food. 2008 Jun;11(2):224-9. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2007.555.

Abstract

Curcumin and saikosaponin a, the bioactive phytochemicals of turmeric and Bupleurum, act as antioxidants. This study investigated the effects of supplementation with curcumin and/or saikosaponin a on hepatic lipids and antioxidant status in rats with CCl(4)-induced liver injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, CCl(4), CCl(4) + curcumin (0.005%; CU), CCl(4) + saikosaponin a (0.004%; SS), and CCl(4) + curcumin + saikosaponin a (0.005% + 0.004%; CU+SS) groups. CCl(4) (40% in olive oil) was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.75 mL/kg once a week. Curcumin and/or saikosaponin a was administered orally 1 week before CCl(4) injection for 8 weeks. The pathological results showed that liver fibrosis was ameliorated in the SS and CU+SS groups. After 8 weeks, supplementation with curcumin and/or saikosaponin a significantly decreased plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, as well as plasma and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The CU+SS group showed reversal of the impaired hepatic superoxide dismutase activity and an increase in total glutathione level. Supplementation with curcumin and/or saikosaponin a significantly improved hepatic antioxidant status and suppressed malondialdehyde formation. Therefore, supplementation with curcumin and/or saikosaponin a protects against CCl(4)-induced liver injury by attenuating hepatic lipids and lipid peroxidation and enhancing antioxidant defense. Curcumin and saikosaponin a had no additive effects on hepatoprotection except for greater improvement in the total glutathione level and antioxidant status.

MeSH terms

  • Alanine Transaminase / blood
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / analysis*
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood
  • Carbon Tetrachloride / toxicity*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
  • Curcumin / administration & dosage*
  • Glutathione / analysis
  • Lipids / analysis
  • Lipids / blood
  • Liver / chemistry*
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / enzymology
  • Liver Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Liver Diseases / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Oleanolic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Oleanolic Acid / analogs & derivatives*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Saponins / administration & dosage*
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Lipids
  • Saponins
  • Oleanolic Acid
  • Carbon Tetrachloride
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases
  • Alanine Transaminase
  • Glutathione
  • Curcumin
  • saikosaponin D