We carried out a study aiming to determine the renal effect of ibuprofen treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in very preterm infants during the first month of life. Infants aged 27-31 weeks gestation were enrolled from October 2004 to August 2006. They were assigned to two different groups according to ibuprofen exposure during care of their PDA status assessed by echocardiography. Infants of both groups were matched based on gestational age, Clinical Risk Index for Babies score, birth weight and inclusion center. Renal function was evaluated at baseline and weekly for 1 month. One hundred and forty-eight infants were enrolled. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was significantly decreased in the ibuprofen group after treatment withdrawal (GFR on day 7, ibuprofen versus no ibuprofen: 12.8 +/- 6.2 vs. 18.1 +/- 12.1 ml/min/1.73 m(2); P < 0.001). Adjusted analysis proved this decrease to be sustained during the first month of life. Tubular function was also impaired during the first month in ibuprofen-treated infants. Ibuprofen administered for PDA is associated with a decreased GFR during the first month of life. Renal function of infants receiving ibuprofen should be carefully monitored and drugs that are eliminated by glomerular filtration handled cautiously during this period.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00217191.