We report preclinical data for CEP-37247, the first human framework domain antibody construct to enter the clinic. At approximately 11 - 13kDa, domain antibodies or dAbs are the smallest antibody domain able to demonstrate the antigen-recognition function of an antibody, e.g. high selectivity and affinity for target antigen. CEP-37247 is a bivalent anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α domain antibody protein construct combining the antigen-recognition function of a dAb with the pharmacological advantages of an antibody Fc region. As a homodimer, with each chain comprising VL dAb, truncated CH1, hinge, CH2 and CH3 domains, CEP-37247 has a molecular mass of approximately 78kDa, which is about half the size of a conventional IgG molecule. Surface plasmon resonance data demonstrate that CEP-37247 possesses high selectivity and affinity for TNFα. CEP-37247 is a potent neutralizer of TNFα activity in vitro in the L929 TNF-mediated cytotoxicity assay. In a human TNFα-over-expressing mouse model of polyarthritis, CEP-37247 prevents development of disease, and is at least as effective as the marketed product etanercept. Fc functionality is intact - CEP-37247 is capable of mediating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and has a circulating half-life of approximately 4.5 days in cynomolgus macaques. Given the favorable properties outlined above, and its high expression levels (approaching 7 g/L) in a CHOK1 based-expression system, CEP-37247 is progressing into the clinic, where other potential advantages such as enhanced efficacy due to improved tissue distribution, and beneficial immunogenicity profile, will be evaluated.