Hepatotoxicity of clozapine

J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1997 Aug;17(4):314-7. doi: 10.1097/00004714-199708000-00012.

Abstract

Two hundred thirty-eight patients treated with either haloperidol or clozapine were investigated to shed more light on the incidence and severity of antipsychotic-induced liver enzyme increase. Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) increase was most frequently seen in both treatment groups. When analyzing the incidence rates for patients with increased liver enzyme values (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, SGPT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) that were higher than twice the upper limit of the normal range, clozapine-treated patients showed an SGPT increase (37.3%) significantly more frequently than patients treated with haloperidol (16.6%). Both patients with higher clozapine plasma levels and male patients were at a higher risk for an SGPT increase. At least 60% of the increase of the different enzymes remitted within the first 13 weeks of treatment. In general, the authors conclude that clozapine-induced liver enzyme elevation seems to be a common and mostly transient phenomenon.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Controlled Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alanine Transaminase / blood
  • Antipsychotic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / physiopathology*
  • Clozapine / adverse effects*
  • Enzymes / blood
  • Female
  • Haloperidol / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Liver Function Tests
  • Male
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sex Characteristics

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • Enzymes
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases
  • Alanine Transaminase
  • Clozapine
  • Haloperidol