Optimisation of oral bioavailability is a continuing challenge for the pharmaceutical and
biotechnology industries. The number of potential drug candidates requiring invivo evaluation …

Transdermal drug delivery has been intensively studied over the last two decades because
of the many advantages offered by this route of administration. However, the number of …

The onset, intensity and duration of therapeutic response to a compound depend on the intrinsic
pharmacological activity of the drug and pharmacokinetic factors related to its absorption…

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional small molecules that
simultaneously bind to a target protein and an E3 ligase, thereby leading to ubiquitination and …

Permeability is an important property of drug candidates. The Madin–Darby canine kidney
cell line (MDCK) permeability assay is widely used and the primary concern of using MDCK …

Oral bioavailability (F) is a product of fraction absorbed (Fa), fraction escaping gut-wall
elimination (Fg), and fraction escaping hepatic elimination (Fh). In this study, using a database …

Early prediction of clearance mechanisms allows for the rapid progression of drug discovery
and development programs, and facilitates risk assessment of the pharmacokinetic …

With efforts to reduce cytochrome P450-mediated clearance (CL) during the early stages of
drug discovery, transporter-mediated CL mechanisms are becoming more prevalent. …

Kidney plays an important role in the elimination of drugs, especially with low or negligible
hepatic clearance. An analysis of the interrelation of physicochemical properties and the …

Four model drugs were selected based on their lipophilicity denoted as log P (nicardipine
hydrochloride log P −0.99±0.1, hydrocortisone log P 1.43±0.47, carbamazepine log P 2.67±…