Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was discovered more than a century ago, and its
known roles have extended from within the immune system to include a neuro-inflammatory …

… Competing interests: None declared for Catherine Cahill. Ian Gilron has received research
support from Pfizer, Aventis Pharma, Novopharm, PharmaScience and Apotex, and he has …

BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder is characterized by fluctuating affect and mood, and is
associated with specific neurocognitive deficits consistent with neuropathology in cerebello–…

Iron-responsive elements (IREs) are the RNA stem loops that control cellular iron homeostasis
by regulating ferritin translation and transferrin receptor mRNA stability. We mapped a …

A major unresolved issue in treating pain is the paradoxical hyperalgesia produced by the
gold-standard analgesic morphine and other opiates. We found that hyperalgesia-inducing …

… There were 2 × 10 7 cells/10-cm 2 plate at the beginning of each pulse labeling (see Fig. 4),
and 2 × 10 6 cells were present in each well of six-well plates in the experiment described in …

Pharmacological and physiological evidence supports a role for delta (δ) opioid receptors in
the nociceptive mechanisms of inflammation. However, few data exist regarding δ opioid …

Here we describe a novel role for the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway in
mediating induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in response to IL-1. Pharmacological inhibition of …

Opioid receptors are known to undergo complex regulatory changes in response to ligand
exposure. In the present study, we examined the effect of morphine on the in vitro and in vivo …

The μ and δ types of opioid receptors form heteromers that exhibit pharmacological and
functional properties distinct from those of homomeric receptors. To characterize these …