Accumulation of adipocytes and collagen type-I-producing cells (fibrosis) is observed in
muscular dystrophies. The origin of these cells had been largely unknown, but recently we …

In the presence of a catalytic amount of RhH(PPh 3 ) 4 and 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene,
an aromatic fluoride, an organic disulfide (0.5 equiv), and triphenylphosphine (0.5 equiv…

Frontal midline theta rhythm (Fmθ) often appears on electroencephalogram (EEG) during
consecutive mental tasks. To clarify the source of rhythmic activity, magnetoencephalogram (…

A system of RhH(PPh 3 ) 4 , trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, and (p-tol) 3 P catalyzes the
disulfide exchange reaction. Treatment of two symmetrical dialkyl disulfides with the catalyst …

Phenols are ethynylated at the ortho position with silylated chloroethyne in the presence of
a catalytic amount of GaCl 3 and lithium phenoxide. The lithium salt is essential for the …

Proline rubidium salts catalyze the asymmetric Michael addition of nitroalkanes to prochiral
acceptors. When (2S)-L-prolines were used, acyclic (E)-enones gave (S)-adducts and cyclic (…

For the last 20 years, a great amount of evidence has accumulated through epidemiological
studies that most of the dry eye disease encountered in daily life, especially in video display …

l-Proline rubidium salt catalyzes the asymmetric Michael addition of malonate anions to
prochiral enones and enals. This method can be applied to a wide range of substrates to give …

Importance A validated questionnaire that assesses symptoms and the effect of dry eye
disease (DED) on the patient’s daily life is needed to evaluate the condition. Objective To …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common lethal genetic disorder of children.
The mdx (C57BL/10 background, C57BL/10-mdx) mouse is a widely used model of DMD, …