Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is the ester prodrug of the immunosuppressant agent
mycophenolic acid (MPA) and is rapidly activated by esterases after oral administration. However, …

Background Tertiary lymphoid tissues (TLTs) are ectopic lymphoid tissues found in chronically
inflamed organs. Although studies have documented TLT formation in transplanted …

Metabolism of nafamostat, a clinically used serine protease inhibitor, was investigated with
human blood and liver enzyme sources. All the enzyme sources examined (whole blood, …

Background. Recently, chronic hepatitis E has been reported in solid organ transplant (SOT)
recipients in European countries. Previously, we clarified the prevalence of hepatitis E virus …

Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA‐I) genotypes are suggested to influence the cancer
response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. This study assessed the impact of germline …

Axitinib is a potent second-line molecular-targeted agent for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
(mRCC). Axitinib pharmacokinetics and its relation with genetic polymorphisms were …

The intravesical administration of bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is widely used to control
the intravesical recurrence of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). This study …

In this study, we examined the association between the pharmacokinetics (PK) level of
sunitinib malate (SU) and its metabolite N-desethyl-sunitinib (DSU) in terms of adverse events (…

506 Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been recognized as a useful tool
for optimizing the dose of many drugs. The effectiveness of TDM for molecular targeted …

MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemicals IDM was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical
Industries (Osaka, Japan). BSP was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) …