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Research ArticleArticle

Comparative Metabolism of Clenbuterol by Rat and Bovine Liver Microsomes and Slices

Daniel Zalko, Elisabeth Perdu-Durand, Laurent Debrauwer, Marie-Pierre Bec-Ferte and Jacques Tulliez
Drug Metabolism and Disposition January 1998, 26 (1) 28-35;
Daniel Zalko
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Elisabeth Perdu-Durand
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Laurent Debrauwer
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Marie-Pierre Bec-Ferte
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Jacques Tulliez
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Abstract

The metabolism of clenbuterol by liver microsomal fractions and precision-cut liver slices was studied in rats and cattle using a14C-labeled molecule and radio-HPLC quantitation of the resulting metabolites. 4-N-Oxidation of clenbuterol was found to be an extensive in vitro metabolic pathway in both species. Clenbuterol hydroxylamine was by far the major metabolite characterized from microsomal and slice incubation media. Trace amounts of 4-nitro-clenbuterol were also detected. Another important microsomal biotransformation of clenbuterol, resulting in the production of 4-amino-3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid, was observed only when the drug was incubated with bovine liver microsomes. The corresponding glycine conjugate, namely 4-amino-3,5-dichlorohippuric acid, was detected when clenbuterol was incubated with bovine or rat liver slices. Structural characterization of the major metabolites was performed using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, either coupled to liquid chromatography or with direct infusion of collected samples. In addition to these compounds, only quantitatively minor metabolites were detected in bovine (but not rat) microsomal incubation media. Analysis of incubation media from liver slices also allowed the quantitation of a few additional metabolites, some of which were shown to be conjugated compounds.

Footnotes

  • Send reprint requests to: Jacques Tulliez, Laboratoire des Xénobiotiques INRA, 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, B.P. 3, 31931 Toulouse Cédex, France.

  • This study was supported by a grant from the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, within the project “Aliment Demain” (95G0098).

  • Abbreviations used are::
    CL
    clenbuterol
    N-OH-CL
    4-hydroxyamino-3,5-dichloro-α-(tert-butylaminomethyl)benzyl alcohol
    NO-CL
    4-nitroso-3,5-dichloro-α-(tert-butylaminomethyl)benzyl alcohol
    NO2-CL
    4-nitro-3,5-dichloro-α-(tert-butylaminomethyl)benzyl alcohol
    ADBA
    4-amino-3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid
    7-EC
    7-ethoxycoumarin
    7-OHC
    7-hydroxycoumarin
    LDH
    lactate dehydrogenase
    ESI
    electrospray ionization
    • Received May 30, 1997.
    • Accepted September 23, 1997.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Drug Metabolism and Disposition
Vol. 26, Issue 1
1 Jan 1998
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Research ArticleArticle

Comparative Metabolism of Clenbuterol by Rat and Bovine Liver Microsomes and Slices

Daniel Zalko, Elisabeth Perdu-Durand, Laurent Debrauwer, Marie-Pierre Bec-Ferte and Jacques Tulliez
Drug Metabolism and Disposition January 1, 1998, 26 (1) 28-35;

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Research ArticleArticle

Comparative Metabolism of Clenbuterol by Rat and Bovine Liver Microsomes and Slices

Daniel Zalko, Elisabeth Perdu-Durand, Laurent Debrauwer, Marie-Pierre Bec-Ferte and Jacques Tulliez
Drug Metabolism and Disposition January 1, 1998, 26 (1) 28-35;
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