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Research ArticleArticle

THE HUMAN INTESTINAL CYTOCHROME P450 “PIE”

Mary F. Paine, Heather L. Hart, Shana S. Ludington, Robert L. Haining, Allan E. Rettie and Darryl C. Zeldin
Drug Metabolism and Disposition May 2006, 34 (5) 880-886; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.105.008672
Mary F. Paine
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Heather L. Hart
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Shana S. Ludington
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Robert L. Haining
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Allan E. Rettie
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Darryl C. Zeldin
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Abstract

Cytochromes P450 (P450s) 3A, 2C, and 1A2 constitute the major “pieces” of the human liver P450 “pie” and account, on average, for 40, 25, and 18%, respectively, of total immunoquantified P450s (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 270:414–423, 1994). The P450 profile in the human small intestine has not been fully characterized. Therefore, microsomes prepared from mucosal scrapings from the duodenal/jejunal portion of 31 human donor small intestines were analyzed by Western blot using selective P450 antibodies. P450s 3A4, 2C9, 2C19, and 2J2 were detected in all individuals and ranged from 8.8 to 150, 2.9 to 27, <0.6 to 3.9, and <0.2 to 3.1 pmol/mg, respectively. CYP2D6 was detected in 29 individuals and ranged from <0.2 to 1.4 pmol/mg. CYP3A5 was detected readily in 11 individuals, with a range (average) of 4.9 to 25 (16) pmol/mg that represented from 3 to 50% of total CYP3A (CYP3A4 + CYP3A5) content. CYP1A1 was detected readily in three individuals, with a range (average) of 3.6 to 7.7 (5.6) pmol/mg. P450s 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, and 2E1 were not or only faintly detected. As anticipated, average CYP3A content (50 pmol/mg) was the highest. Excluding CYP1A1, the remaining enzymes had the following rank order: 2C9 > 2C19 > 2J2 > 2D6 (8.4, 1.1, 0.9, and 0.5 pmol/mg, respectively). Analysis of a pooled preparation of the 31 donor specimens substantiated these results. In summary, as in the liver, large interindividual variation exists in the expression levels of individual P450s. On average, CYP3A and CYP2C9 represents the major pieces of the intestinal P450 pie, accounting for 80 and 15%, respectively, of total immunoquantified P450s.

Footnotes

  • This work was supported in part by grants from Pfizer, Inc. and from the National Institutes of Health Grants GM32165 and GM38149.

  • Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://dmd.aspetjournals.org.

  • doi:10.1124/dmd.105.008672.

  • ABBREVIATIONS: P450, cytochrome P450; HIM, human intestinal microsome; PBS-T, phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.3% Tween 20; HI, human intestine; EET, epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.

    • Received November 29, 2005.
    • Accepted February 1, 2006.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Drug Metabolism and Disposition: 34 (5)
Drug Metabolism and Disposition
Vol. 34, Issue 5
1 May 2006
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Research ArticleArticle

THE HUMAN INTESTINAL CYTOCHROME P450 “PIE”

Mary F. Paine, Heather L. Hart, Shana S. Ludington, Robert L. Haining, Allan E. Rettie and Darryl C. Zeldin
Drug Metabolism and Disposition May 1, 2006, 34 (5) 880-886; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.105.008672

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Research ArticleArticle

THE HUMAN INTESTINAL CYTOCHROME P450 “PIE”

Mary F. Paine, Heather L. Hart, Shana S. Ludington, Robert L. Haining, Allan E. Rettie and Darryl C. Zeldin
Drug Metabolism and Disposition May 1, 2006, 34 (5) 880-886; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.105.008672
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