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Drug Metabolism & Disposition

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Rapid CommunicationShort Communication

Role of Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase Domain Containing 2 in Squalestatin 1–Mediated Activation of the Constitutive Androstane Receptor in Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocytes

Asmita Pant and Thomas A. Kocarek
Drug Metabolism and Disposition March 2016, 44 (3) 352-355; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.115.068437
Asmita Pant
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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Thomas A. Kocarek
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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Abstract

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) is a branch-point intermediate in the mevalonate pathway that is normally converted mainly to squalene by squalene synthase in the first committed step of sterol biosynthesis. Treatment with the squalene synthase inhibitor squalestatin 1 (SQ1) causes accumulation of FPP, its dephosphorylated metabolite farnesol, and several oxidized farnesol-derived metabolites. In addition, SQ1 treatment of primary cultured rat hepatocytes increases CYP2B expression through a mechanism that requires FPP synthesis and activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Because direct farnesol treatment also increases CYP2B expression, it seems likely that SQ1-mediated CAR activation requires FPP dephosphorylation to farnesol. The lipid phosphatase, phosphatidic acid phosphatase domain containing 2 (PPAPDC2), was recently reported to catalyze FPP dephosphorylation. We therefore determined the effect of overexpressing or knocking down PPAPDC2 on SQ1-mediated CAR activation in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Cotransfection of rat hepatocytes with a plasmid expressing rat or human PPAPDC2 enhanced SQ1-mediated activation of a CAR-responsive reporter by 1.7- or 2.4-fold over the SQ1-mediated activation that was produced when hepatocytes were cotransfected with empty expression plasmid. Similarly, transduction of rat hepatocytes with a recombinant adenovirus expressing PPAPDC2 enhanced SQ1-mediated CYP2B1 mRNA induction by 1.4-fold over the induction that was seen in hepatocytes transduced with control adenovirus. Cotransfection with a short hairpin RNA targeting PPAPDC2 reduced SQ1-mediated CAR activation by approximately 80% relative to the activation that occurred in hepatocytes transfected with nontargeting short hairpin RNA. These results indicate that PPAPDC2 plays an important role in SQ1-mediated CAR activation, most likely by catalyzing the conversion of FPP to farnesol.

Footnotes

    • Received November 17, 2015.
    • Accepted December 18, 2015.
  • This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Grant R01HL050710] and the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Center Grant P30ES020957]. A.P. was supported, in part, through a Thomas C. Rumble fellowship.

  • dx.doi.org/10.1124/dmd.115.068437.

  • ↵Embedded ImageThis article has supplemental material available at dmd.aspetjournals.org.

  • Copyright © 2016 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Drug Metabolism and Disposition: 44 (3)
Drug Metabolism and Disposition
Vol. 44, Issue 3
1 Mar 2016
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Rapid CommunicationShort Communication

Role of PPAPDC2 in Squalestatin 1–Mediated CAR Activation

Asmita Pant and Thomas A. Kocarek
Drug Metabolism and Disposition March 1, 2016, 44 (3) 352-355; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.115.068437

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Rapid CommunicationShort Communication

Role of PPAPDC2 in Squalestatin 1–Mediated CAR Activation

Asmita Pant and Thomas A. Kocarek
Drug Metabolism and Disposition March 1, 2016, 44 (3) 352-355; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.115.068437
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