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Research ArticleArticle

Experimental and Modeling Evidence Supporting the Trans-Inhibition Mechanism for Preincubation Time-Dependent, Long-Lasting Inhibition of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1B1 by Cyclosporine A

Saki Izumi, Yoshitane Nozaki, Wooin Lee and Yuichi Sugiyama
Drug Metabolism and Disposition May 2022, 50 (5) 541-551; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.121.000783
Saki Izumi
Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan (S.I., Y.N.); College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (W.L.); and Laboratory of Quantitative System Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics, Josai International University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.S.)
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Yoshitane Nozaki
Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan (S.I., Y.N.); College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (W.L.); and Laboratory of Quantitative System Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics, Josai International University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.S.)
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Wooin Lee
Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan (S.I., Y.N.); College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (W.L.); and Laboratory of Quantitative System Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics, Josai International University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.S.)
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Yuichi Sugiyama
Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan (S.I., Y.N.); College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (W.L.); and Laboratory of Quantitative System Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics, Josai International University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.S.)
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Abstract

Cyclosporine A (CsA) and rifampin are potent inhibitors of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and are widely used to assess the risk for drug-drug interactions. CsA displays preincubation time-dependent, long-lasting inhibition of OATP1B1 in vitro and in rats in vivo, and a proposed mechanism is the trans-inhibition by which CsA inhibits OATP1B1 from the inside of cells. The current study aimed to experimentally validate the proposed mechanism using human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably expressing OATP1B1. The uptake of CsA reached a plateau following an approximate 60-minute incubation, with the cell-to-buffer concentration ratio of 3930, reflective of the high-affinity, high-capacity intracellular binding of CsA. The time course of CsA uptake was analyzed to estimate the kinetic parameters for permeability clearance and intracellular binding. When the OATP1B1-mediated uptake of [3H]estradiol-17β-glucuronide was measured following preincubation with CsA for 5 to 120 minutes, apparent Ki values became lower with longer preincubation. Our kinetic modeling incorporated the two reversible inhibition constants [Ki,trans and Ki,cis for the inhibition from inside (trans-inhibition) and outside (cis-inhibition) of cells, respectively] and estimated Ki,trans value of CsA was smaller by 48-fold than the estimated Ki,cis value. Rifampin also displayed preincubation time-dependent inhibition of OATP1B1, albeit the extent of enhancement was only twofold. The current study provides experimental evidence for the preincubation time-dependent shift of apparent Ki values and a mechanistic basis for physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling that incorporates permeability clearance, extensive intracellular binding, and asymmetry of Ki values between the inside and outside of cells.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In vitro data and kinetic modeling support that preincubation time-dependent, long-lasting inhibition of OATP1B1 by CsA can be explained by the extensive intracellular binding and reversible OATP1B1 inhibition intracellularly (trans-inhibition) as well as extracellularly (cis-inhibition). For inhibitors to display time-dependency, the following factors were found important: time to reach a steady-state cellular concentration, trans-inhibition potency relative to cis-inhibition, and the degree of cellular inhibitor accumulation. This study would aid in the accurate prediction of drug-drug interactions mediated by OATP1B1 inhibition.

Footnotes

    • Received November 16, 2021.
    • Accepted February 14, 2022.
  • https://dx.doi.org/10.1124/dmd.121.000783.

  • ↵Embedded ImageThis article has supplemental material available at dmd.aspetjournals.org.

  • Copyright © 2022 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Drug Metabolism and Disposition: 50 (5)
Drug Metabolism and Disposition
Vol. 50, Issue 5
1 May 2022
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Research ArticleArticle

Time-Dependent Inhibition of OATP1B1 by Cyclosporine A

Saki Izumi, Yoshitane Nozaki, Wooin Lee and Yuichi Sugiyama
Drug Metabolism and Disposition May 1, 2022, 50 (5) 541-551; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.121.000783

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Research ArticleArticle

Time-Dependent Inhibition of OATP1B1 by Cyclosporine A

Saki Izumi, Yoshitane Nozaki, Wooin Lee and Yuichi Sugiyama
Drug Metabolism and Disposition May 1, 2022, 50 (5) 541-551; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.121.000783
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