RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Measurement of Fraction Unbound Paclitaxel in Human Plasma
JF Drug Metabolism and Disposition
JO Drug Metab Dispos
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP 1141
OP 1145
VO 28
IS 10
A1 Eric Brouwer
A1 Jaap Verweij
A1 Peter De Bruijn
A1 Walter J. Loos
A1 Marrimuthoo Pillay
A1 Dirk Buijs
A1 Alex Sparreboom
YR 2000
UL http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/28/10/1141.abstract
AB The clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of paclitaxel (Taxol) is distinctly nonlinear, with disproportional increases in systemic exposure with an increase in dose. We have recently shown that Cremophor EL, the formulation vehicle used for i.v. administration of paclitaxel, alters drug distribution as a result of micellar entrapment of paclitaxel, and we speculated that the free drug fraction (fu) is dependent on dose and time-varying concentrations of Cremophor EL in the central plasma compartment. To test this hypothesis, a reproducible equilibrium dialysis method has been developed for the measurement of paclitaxel fu in plasma. Equilibrium dialysis was performed at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 using 2.0-ml polypropylene test tubes. Experiments were carried out with 260-μl aliquots of plasma containing a tracer amount of [G-3H]paclitaxel with high-specific activity against an equal volume of 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Drug concentrations were measured by both reversed-phase HPLC and liquid scintillation counting. Using this method, fu has been measured in three patients receiving three consecutive 3-weekly courses of paclitaxel at dose levels of 135, 175, and 225 mg/m2 and found to range between 0.036 and 0.079. The method was also used to define concentration-time profiles of unbound drug, estimated from the product of the total plasma concentration and fu. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics