PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Dong, Huan
AU  - Suzuki, Naomi
AU  - Torres, Maria C.
AU  - Bonala, Radha R.
AU  - Johnson, Francis
AU  - Grollman, Arthur P.
AU  - Shibutani, Shinya
TI  - QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF ARISTOLOCHIC ACID-DERIVED DNA ADDUCTS IN RATS USING <sup>32</sup>P-POSTLABELING/POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS ANALYSIS
AID  - 10.1124/dmd.105.008706
DP  - 2006 Jul 01
TA  - Drug Metabolism and Disposition
PG  - 1122--1127
VI  - 34
IP  - 7
4099  - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/34/7/1122.short
4100  - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/34/7/1122.full
SO  - Drug Metab Dispos2006 Jul 01; 34
AB  - Aristolochic acids (AA) are nephrotoxic and carcinogenic nitroaromatic compounds produced by the Aristolochiaceae family of plants. Ingestion of these phytotoxins by humans results in a syndrome known as AA nephropathy, characterized by renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and upper urothelial cancer. After activation by cellular enzymes, AA I and II react with DNA to form covalent adducts and as such represent potential biomarkers for studies of AA toxicity. Using site-specifically modified oligodeoxynucleotides as standards, we have developed a method for quantifying 7-(deoxyadenosin-N6-yl) aristolactam-DNA or 7-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl) aristolactam-DNA adducts in tissues of Wistar rats using an assay in which 32P-postlabeling techniques are coupled with nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The limit of detection with this technique is five adducts in 109 nucleotides for a 5-μg DNA sample. In contrast to previous reports, we find that the levels of AA adducts in renal tissues of Wistar rats treated p.o. with AA for 1 week with 5 mg/kg/day of AA I or AA II were much higher than that in the forestomach. Highest adduct levels were observed in rats treated with AA II, suggesting that this compound may be more genotoxic than AA I. Treatment of rats with aristolactam I, an end-product of AA I metabolism, resulted in a much lower level of adduction. This study establishes the feasibility of using AA-DNA adducts as intermediate biomarkers of exposure in studies of AA nephropathy and its associated urothelial cancer. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics