RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Cytochrome P450 Expression and Regulation in CYP3A4/CYP2D6 Double Transgenic Humanized Mice JF Drug Metabolism and Disposition JO Drug Metab Dispos FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics SP 435 OP 441 DO 10.1124/dmd.107.018838 VO 36 IS 2 A1 Melanie A. Felmlee A1 Hoi-Kei Lon A1 Frank J. Gonzalez A1 Ai-Ming Yu YR 2008 UL http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/36/2/435.abstract AB Analysis of the developmental and sexual expression of cytochrome P450 drug-metabolizing enzymes is impeded by multiple and varied external factors that influence its regulation. In the present study, a CYP2D6/CYP3A4-double transgenic (Tg-CYP2D6/CYP3A4) mouse model was employed to investigate hepatic CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 ontogeny and sexual dimorphism. Both age and sex have considerable effects on hepatic CYP3A4 protein expression in 3- to 8-week-old transgenic mice, whereas neither factor alters CYP2D6 content. Constitutive CYP2D6 expression resulted in 2- to 3-fold higher dextromethorphan O-demethylase activity in Tg-CYP2D6/CYP3A4 mouse liver microsomes compared with wild-type mice. In contrast, expression of CYP3A4 in transgenic mouse livers did not increase dextromethorphan N-demethylase and midazolam 1′-hydroxylase activities. Pretreatment with pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN) and 1,4-bis-2-(3, 5-dichloropyridyloxy)-benzene (TCPOBOP) elevated CYP3A4 expression in double transgenic mice. Interestingly, induction of hepatic CYP3A4 was greater in females than age- and treatment-matched males. Consequently, the increase in midazolam 1′-hydroxylase activity was markedly higher in 8-week-old female mice than in corresponding males (8-fold versus 6-fold for PCN treatment and 6-fold versus 5-fold for TCPOBOP). Furthermore, increases in testosterone 6β-hydroxylase activity after CYP3A induction were relatively lower compared with those in midazolam 1′-hydroxylation for age-, sex-, and treatment-matched mice. The difference in CYP3A4 expression and induction between male and female mice suggests that women may be more susceptible to CYP3A4-mediated drug-drug interactions, and the extent of drug-drug interactions could be substrate dependent. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics