TY - JOUR T1 - In Vitro Assessment of Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Boceprevir Associated with Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters JF - Drug Metabolism and Disposition JO - Drug Metab Dispos SP - 668 LP - 681 DO - 10.1124/dmd.112.049668 VL - 41 IS - 3 AU - Xiaoyan Chu AU - Xiaoxin Cai AU - Donghui Cui AU - Cuyue Tang AU - Anima Ghosal AU - Grace Chan AU - Mitchell D Green AU - Yuhsin Kuo AU - Yuexia Liang AU - Cheri M Maciolek AU - Jairam Palamanda AU - Raymond Evers AU - Thomayant Prueksaritanont Y1 - 2013/03/01 UR - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/41/3/668.abstract N2 - The inhibitory effect of boceprevir (BOC), an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 3 protease was evaluated in vitro against a panel of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. BOC, a known substrate for cytochrome P450 (P450) CYP3A and aldo-ketoreductases, was a reversible time-dependent inhibitor (kinact = 0.12 minute−1, KI = 6.1 µM) of CYP3A4/5 but not an inhibitor of other major P450s, nor of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1A1 and 2B7. BOC showed weak to no inhibition of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), P-glycoprotein (Pgp), or multidrug resistance protein 2. It was a moderate inhibitor of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and 1B3, with an IC50 of 18 and 4.9 µM, respectively. In human hepatocytes, BOC inhibited CYP3A-mediated metabolism of midazolam, OATP1B-mediated hepatic uptake of pitavastatin, and both the uptake and metabolism of atorvastatin. The inhibitory potency of BOC was lower than known inhibitors of CYP3A (ketoconazole), OATP1B (rifampin), or both (telaprevir). BOC was a substrate for Pgp and BCRP but not for OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, organic cation transporter, or sodium/taurocholate cotransporting peptide. Overall, our data suggest that BOC has the potential to cause pharmacokinetic interactions via inhibition of CYP3A and CYP3A/OATP1B interplay, with the interaction magnitude lower than those observed with known potent inhibitors. Conversely, pharmacokinetic interactions of BOC, either as a perpetrator or victim, via other major P450s and transporters tested are less likely to be of clinical significance. The results from clinical drug-drug interaction studies conducted thus far are generally supportive of these conclusions. ER -