RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Identification of Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 5 (FMO5) as a Regulator of Glucose Homeostasis and a Potential Sensor of Gut Bacteria
JF Drug Metabolism and Disposition
JO Drug Metab Dispos
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP 982
OP 989
DO 10.1124/dmd.117.076612
VO 45
IS 9
A1 Flora Scott
A1 Sandra G. Gonzalez Malagon
A1 Brett A. O’Brien
A1 Diede Fennema
A1 Sunil Veeravalli
A1 Clarissa R. Coveney
A1 Ian R. Phillips
A1 Elizabeth A. Shephard
YR 2017
UL http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/45/9/982.abstract
AB We have previously identified flavin-containing monooxygenase 5 (FMO5) as a regulator of metabolic aging. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of FMO5 in glucose homeostasis and the impact of diet and gut flora on the phenotype of mice in which the Fmo5 gene has been disrupted (Fmo5−/− mice). In comparison with wild-type (WT) counterparts, Fmo5−/− mice are resistant to age-related changes in glucose homeostasis and maintain the higher glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity characteristic of young animals. When fed a high-fat diet, they are protected against weight gain and reduction of insulin sensitivity. The phenotype of Fmo5−/− mice is independent of diet and the gut microbiome and is determined solely by the host genotype. Fmo5−/− mice have metabolic characteristics similar to those of germ-free mice, indicating that FMO5 plays a role in sensing or responding to gut bacteria. In WT mice, FMO5 is present in the mucosal epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract where it is induced in response to a high-fat diet. In comparison with WT mice, Fmo5−/− mice have fewer colonic goblet cells, and they differ in the production of the colonic hormone resistin-like molecule β. Fmo5−/− mice have lower concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α in plasma and of complement component 3 in epididymal white adipose tissue, indicative of improved inflammatory tone. Our results implicate FMO5 as a regulator of body weight and of glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity and, thus, identify FMO5 as a potential novel therapeutic target for obesity and insulin resistance.