TY - JOUR T1 - <strong>Revefenacin Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion in Healthy Subjects and Pharmacological Activity of its Major Metabolite</strong> JF - Drug Metabolism and Disposition JO - Drug Metab Dispos DO - 10.1124/dmd.120.000103 SP - DMD-AR-2020-000103 AU - David L. Bourdet AU - Suresh Yeola AU - Sharath S. Hegde AU - Pierre-Jean Colson AU - Chris N. Barnes AU - Marie T. Borin Y1 - 2020/01/01 UR - http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2020/09/25/dmd.120.000103.abstract N2 - Revefenacin inhalation solution is an anticholinergic indicated for the maintenance treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mass balance, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of revefenacin were evaluated after intravenous and oral administration of [14C]-revefenacin in healthy subjects. Pharmacological activity of the major revefenacin metabolite was also assessed. Adult males (n=9) received 20 μg intravenously of approximately 1 μCi [14C]-revefenacin and/or a single 200 μg oral solution of approximately 10 μCi [14C]-revefenacin. Mean recovery of radioactive material was 81.4% following intravenous administration (54.4% in feces; 27.1% in urine) and 92.7% after oral dosing (88.0% in feces, 4.7% in urine). Mean absolute bioavailability of oral revefenacin was low (2.8%). Intact revefenacin accounted for approximately 52.1% and 13.1% of the total radioactivity in plasma following intravenous and oral administration, respectively. Two main circulating metabolites were observed in plasma. Following an intravenous dose, a hydrolysis product, THRX-195518 (M2) was observed that circulated in plasma at 14.3% of total radioactivity. Following an oral dose, both THRX-195518 and THRX-697795 (M10, N-dealkylation and reduction of the parent compound) were observed at 12.5% of total circulating radioactivity. THRX-195518 was the major metabolite excreted in feces and comprised 18.8% and 9.4% of the administered intravenous and oral dose, respectively. The major metabolic pathway for revefenacin was hydrolysis to THRX-195518. In vitro pharmacological evaluation of THRX-195518 indicated that it had a 10-fold lower binding affinity for the M3 receptor relative to revefenacin. Receptor occupancy analysis suggested that THRX-195518 has minimal contribution to systemic pharmacology relative to revefenacin after inhaled administration. Significance Statement The major metabolic pathway for revefenacin was hydrolysis to the metabolite THRX-195518 (M2), and both revefenacin and THRX-195518 underwent hepatic-biliary and fecal elimination after oral or intravenous administration with negligible renal excretion. Pharmacological evaluation of THRX-195518 indicated that it had a 10-fold lower binding affinity for the M3 muscarinic receptor relative to revefenacin and that THRX-195518 has minimal contribution to systemic pharmacology after inhaled administration. ER -