RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 <strong>Exploring drug metabolism by the gut microbiota: modes of metabolism and experimental approaches</strong>
JF Drug Metabolism and Disposition
JO Drug Metab Dispos
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP DMD-MR-2021-000669
DO 10.1124/dmd.121.000669
A1 Pooja Dhurjad
A1 Chinmayi Dhavaliker
A1 Kajal Gupta
A1 Rajesh Sonti
YR 2021
UL http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2021/12/30/dmd.121.000669.abstract
AB Increasing evidence uncovers the involvement of gut microbiota in the metabolism of numerous pharmaceutical drugs. The human gut microbiome harbours 10-100 trillion symbiotic gut microbial bacteria that utilize drugs as substrates for enzymatic processes to alter host metabolism. Thus, microbiota-mediated drug metabolism can change the conventional drug action course and cause inter-individual differences in efficacy and toxicity, making it vital for drug discovery and development. This review focuses on drug biotransformation pathways and discusses different models for evaluating gut microbiota role in drug metabolism. Significance Statement This review emphasizes the importance of gut microbiota and different modes of drug metabolism mediated by them. It provides information on in vivo, in vitro, ex vivo, in silico and multi-omics approaches for identifying the role of gut microbiota in the metabolism. Further, it highlights the significance of gut microbiota mediated metabolism in the process of new drug discovery and development as a rationale for safe and efficacious drug therapy.