Simulated δAUC for CYP2C9 mediated drug-drug interactions
Ki values were determined as described under Materials and Methods using rCYP2C9 and diclofenac as substrate. [I]in, total values and observed δAUC for amiodarone, benzbromarone, fluconazole (both clinical studies), fluvastatin, ketoconazole, miconazole, sertraline, sulfamethiazole, sulfaphenazole, and sulfinpyrazone were retrieved directly from Ito et al. (2004). [I]in, total values and observed δAUC for diclofenac, ibuprofen, and tolbutamide were retrieved from Andersson et al. (2004). [I]max, total values and observed δAUC for zafirlukast were retrieved from Blanchard et al. (2004). [I]unbound values were calculated by multiplying the [I]total by the fup determined in this laboratory. [I] and Ki values together with the estimated fmCYP2C9 for the respective in vivo substrates were used in eq. 1 to simulate the δAUC.
In Vivo Substrate | Inhibitor | CYP2C9 | [I]in, total | fup | [I]in, unbound | δAUC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ki, apparent | Ki, unbound | Observed | Simulated using [I]in, total/Ki, apparent | Simulated using [I]in, unbound/Ki, unbound | ||||||||
μM | μM | μM | ||||||||||
Tolbutamide | Sulfaphenazole | 0.2 | 0.2 | 170 | 0.0059 | 1.02 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 3.3 | |||
S-Warfarin | Miconazole | 0.02 | 0.01 | 17 | 0.0023 | 0.038 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 3.0 | |||
S-Warfarin | Fluconazole | 8 | 8 | 128 | 0.8600 | 110 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 4.8 | |||
S-Warfarin | Benzbromarone | 0.02 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.0005 | 0.006 | 2.2 | 6.6 | 1.2 | |||
S-Warfarin | Amiodarone | 2 | 0.01 | 22 | 0.0027 | 0.059 | 2.1 | 4.7 | 3.0 | |||
Tolbutamide | Fluconazole | 8 | 8 | 32 | 0.8600 | 27.5 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 2.9 | |||
Tolbutamide | Ketoconazole | 3 | 3 | 28 | 0.0063 | 0.178 | 1.8 | 4.2 | 1.1 | |||
S-Warfarin | Sulfinpyrazone | 106 | 106 | 35 | 0.0068 | 0.235 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.0 | |||
Tolbutamide | Sulfamethiazole | 130 | 130 | 233 | 0.0654 | 15.2 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 1.1 | |||
S-Warfarin | Zafirlukast | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1a | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | 1.6 | 3.1 | 1.0 | |||
Diclofenac | Fluvastatin | 1 | 1 | 6 | 0.0048 | 0.027 | 1.3 | 2.7 | 1.0 | |||
Phenytoin | Sertraline | 24 | 15 | 36 | 0.0116 | 0.42 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 1.0 | |||
Tolbutamide | Diclofenac | 6b | 6 | 17 | 0.0032 | 0.053 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 1.0 | |||
Diclofenac | Ibuprofen | 80 | 80 | 275 | 0.0046 | 1.27 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 1.0 | |||
Diclofenac | Tolbutamide | 122 | 122 | 322 | 0.0171 | 5.5 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 1.0 |