Ketoconazole population pharmacokinetic parameters
Study Level Parameters Estimated | ||||||||
| Parameter | Population Estimate | SEE | Interstudy Variability | SEE | ||||
| Ka (h-1) | 1.10 | (16.3) | 33% | (67.2) | ||||
| Vmax (mg/h) | 41.1 | (6.01) | 49% | (75.0) | ||||
| Km (mg/l) | 0.810 | (12.5) | — | — | ||||
| Keff (mg/l) | 300.1 | (12.1) | — | — | ||||
| V4 (liters) | 32.1 | (11.4) | — | — | ||||
| V5 (liters) | 19.6 | (38.0) | — | — | ||||
| Q4 (l/h) | 2.39 | (7.82) | — | — | ||||
| Residual error (proportional) | 0.10 | (25.0) |
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| Parameters Fixed for the Enzyme Site Compartmenta | ||||||||
| Parameter | Typical Value (fixed) | Interstudy Variability | ||||||
| Tmax (mg/h) | 1 | —a | ||||||
| K2e (h-1) | 1 | —a | ||||||
| Qh (l/h) | 48 | —a | ||||||
| V2 and Ve (liters) | 0.825 | —a | ||||||
Ka, first order absorption rate constant; Vmax, maximum rate of elimination; Km, Michaelis Menten constant for saturable elimination kinetics; V4, central volume of distribution; V5, peripheral volume of distribution; Q4, intercompartmental flow constant; Tmax, maximum rate of efflux; Keff, saturable efflux constant; K2e, first-order rate constant for uptake into enzyme site; Qh, plasma flow between hepatic and central compartments; V2, hepatic volume of distribution in equilibrium with plasma; Ve, enzyme site volume of distribution within the hepatic tissue; SEE, standard error of the estimate in %; -, not estimated
↵ a Assumed typical value for simulations without variability.